Explanation of the research proposal Essay

# central research question: Research questions steer the student’s research, and the central research question should reflect the subject of research in a concise way. # theoretical (desk) research questions: Questions should reflect relevant theoretical concepts that apply to the topic under research by the student, i.e. from marketing, finance, business environment. The theoretical framework should be taken into account when formulating theoretical research questions. New theories will receive extra points! Students can improve the structure and categorize the questions under themes (categories), such as: * Strategic management (Competitive Grid, BCG, Ansoff, Abel, 5-forces, competitive strategy, PLC, PEST, SWOT, etc), * Marketing (4Ps, positioning, targeting, branding, CRM, branding, etc). * Operations & SCM (process strategy, SCM, inventory management, lean systems, forecast & demand driven systems, resource planning , and others). * International business (FDI, strategy & organization of int’l business, entry models, barriers to trade, etc). * Finance & accounting. The choice of topics also depends on how broad or narrow the student wants the research topic to be. # empirical (field) research questions: Students should think about what they want to find out by doing field research, and formulate research questions about these issues. They will need to identify the populations that they want to research and formulate research questions for each of these populations. One way to structure empirical research questions is using the research populations at categories. What is it you want to learn from these populations? But, formulate research questions, not questionnaire or interview questions! Research objectives: Objectives should reflect briefly what the student wants to achieve by the research project. Philosophy: Interpretivism – the view that all knowledge is a matter of interpretation. From the book: â€Å"A People’s History of the United States†, Howard Zinn: â€Å"But there is no such thing as a pure fact, innocent of interpretation. Behind every fact presented to the world – by a teacher, a writer, anyone – is a judgment. The judgment that has been made is that this fact is important, and that other facts, omitted, are not important.† * Positivism: 1 + 1 = 2 * Interpretivism: 1 + 1 = 3 # research approach: deductive/inductive: * Deductive is applying theories in desk research; * Inductive is developing theories, or new insights, by doing field research. # cross-sectional/longitudinal/exploratory/ descriptive/explanatory studies. * Cross-sectional means studying the here and now. * Longitudinal means studying developments over time by doing * exploratory, descriptive, and explanatory studies. Research strategy # Desk research: * Theoretical research questions drive desk-research. * IP-8 is an academic assignment and presenting issues in a theoretical context is a requirement. * IP-8 requires students to apply theories and models to a ‘real life’ business problem and to organize proprietary original field research. * Desk-research Desk research is done to answer the theoretical research questions and includes selecting and studying the theories and information relevant to the research topic. Students should explain how they will collect quantitative and qualitative data by doing internet, database and literature research. # quantitative secondary data: examples of texts, authors should be given. * # qualitative secondary data: Specific sources should be presented. * # internet research: Specific sources should be presented. Use of school databases is expected. * # literature research: Use of school library sources is expected. * Theoretical framework * Area – field – topic: when selecting the theories that apply to the research topic, students will describe the theoretical framework of their research topic. In the theoretical framework allows students to broaden or narrow down their subject of research. * # The area is the broader context, such as strategic management, marketing, finance, or logistics; * # The field is more narrow, such as for example competitive strategy, customer service, flow strategies of production and distribution, financial performance measurement, etc, depending on the topic of research. * # The topic is usually the central research question. * # primary – secondary – tertiary sources of secondary data: Specific sources should be presented. * # secondary data: document/survey based (CBS): Specific sources should be presented. * # referencing method: IBMS referencing method should be used. Field-research Empirical research questions drive field-research. # case-study: When students work with a sponsor, the research is often called a case study, because they do research that applies to a particular case, the sponsor. The sponsor company provides access to empirical data. # research populations: sampling frames: Students should do the following when they organize their field research: # formulate empirical research questions that will be answered by doing field research, # choose the research populations that can answer these questions, and possibly get a sampling frame (a list with names or items in the population), # select the research methods (interviews, surveys, observations) for each of the research populations that will be used to extract the information, # then select the sampling method (probability, or non-probability sampling) for each of the research populations. # observations/interviews/survey with questionnaires: Student should explain briefly why methods are chosen for each of the research populations. Sampling method for each of the research populations: # probability sampling (simple-random/ systematic/stratified-random/cluster sampling): Student should explain briefly which sampling methods have been chosen for each of the research populations and why. # non-probability sampling (quota/purposive/ snowball/self-selecting/convenience sampling): Student should explain briefly which sampling methods have been chosen for each of the research populations and why. # sample size: Student should explain why sample sizes haven been set, and how. # reliability/validity: Student should reflect on the consistency and representativeness of potential findings from the research populations that have been identified, and the truthfulness of potential findings. Empirical framework # environment of field research: Sponsor company provides access to empirical data. Student should briefly describe the environment of their field research, the sponsor company, and the research populations. # research populations (sources of primary data): Students describe the research populations of their field research which may consist of the sponsor company, representatives of departments, experts, customers, suppliers, competitors, etc. In the empirical framework more detailed information is provided about the research methods, observations, the type of the interviews and the questionnaires used in the survey (if applicable), and the type of data that is expected to be collected. Note: There is redundancy in some of the issues presented in the checklist under field research, research populations, sampling, and empirical environment. Students may refer to earlier parts. # observations: Observation is systematically observing people and/or processes. Observation might be an option for students doing a case study, but is often difficult to organize. # interviews: fully structured/semi-structured/ unstructured: Student should provide details about the type of interviews for each of the research populations. # surveys: self-administered/ interviewer administered questionnaires: Student should provide details about the type of surveys for each of the research populations. # opinion/behavior/attribute data: Student should provide details about the types of data will be collected from each of the research populations. Time table: Is time-table realistic and meeting deadlines?

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis, also known as â€Å"MS†, is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord). This disorder is caused by inflammation, the action of the body’s own immune cells attacking its own nervous system. Aforementioned inflammation damages the outer layer of nerve cells, also known as the myelin sheath. When this covering is harmed, nerve signals slow down or altogether stop, making life difficult for the victims of MS. â€Å"Although found in both genders, MS affects many more women than men.It usually appears between the ages of 20 and 40, but has been diagnosed at all levels of maturity. † (pubmedhealth) These people may suffer from a multitude of symptoms associated with MS including, but not limited to, loss of balance, heavy fatigue, muscle spasms, dizziness, tremors, weakness, double vision, tingling and numbness, depression, hearing loss, slurred speech, and difficulty swallowing. Symptoms vary from pati ent to patient based on location, treatment, and the overall severity of the disease. MS causes deterioration of the body, but does not however, make one’s life expectancy shorter than normal.Most victims continue to function normally throughout the majority of their lives, working with minimal disability for 20 or more years. This chronic and incurable disease is life-changing, but in most cases, not life-ending. Although incurable, MS can be tested and treated in a variety of ways. A few tests that can be used to diagnose MS comprise of, Lumbar puncture, MRI brain scan, and a nerve function study. Lumbar punctures are known to be very painful and a dreadful procedure in that the surgeon much use a very extensive needle to â€Å"tap† into the patient’s spinal cord for a something called cerebrospinal fluid.Although Lumbar punctures are the most painful, they just so happen to be the most effective, in turn making them the most popular MS test. As far as treatme nt goes, there is no cure known for this disease. That being said, there are many therapies and medicine available to help slow down and control the disease. Some of the medications used to slow this disease down consist of Interferons (also used to treat a rare skin cancer known as melanoma), glatiramer acetate, mitoxantrone, natalizumab, and fingolimod.Steroids may also be used to minimize how severe the attacks can reach (pubmedhealth). Other medicines are additionally used to control symptoms, including Lioresal, tizanidine, and benzodiazepine, which are medicines to lessen muscle spasms. Antidepressants are used for mood and/or behavior symptoms (pubmedhealth). Furthermore, in addition to the aforementioned treatments for MS, there are numerous wellness behaviors that can be followed to lower progression of the disease. â€Å"Physical therapy and other types of therapy like speech, occupational and support groups. ther wellness behaviors such as assistive devices, planned exer cise programs, a healthy lifestyle, avoiding stress or illness in any way, changes in what you eat or drink, making changes around the home to prevent falls, and counseling services to help cope with the disorder† (pubmedhealth) can all be ways to lower the progression of the disease. † In conclusion, Multiple Sclerosis is a horrible disease that no one should have to deal with, but unfortunately millions of people do every day.

Overpopulation The Downfall Of The Human Race - 1716 Words

Mason Walsh Mrs. Smith Advanced Composition 1 28 March 2016 Overpopulation: The Downfall of the Human Race Throughout the last few hundred years, humans have built a foundation. Compared to all of the other animal species on Earth, humans are the most intelligent. We have built houses everywhere, developed a system to sustain ourselves, and now inhabit almost every piece of land on earth. Humans are smart, strong, and know how to fend for themselves. But, humans have a tendency to take it too far, and we have already done so. There have been numerous advancements over the past few hundred years which could ultimately lead to the downfall of the human race. The main issue is overpopulation due to the advancements in technology and general knowledge. The statistics from an article by Kenneth Smail show that â€Å"In the year 1900, there were almost 2 billion humans living on Earth. Throughout the 1960’s, the baby boom, there were 3 billion humans on Earth. Today in 2016, there are just over 7 billion humans living on Earth.† Currently, we have taken up just over half of all av ailable land on this planet, and with increased amounts of people having kids, our population will only increase. Overpopulation is becoming a serious problem all around the world, especially in countries such as China and India. There are many global problems associated with overpopulation that are becoming more and more prevalent, which will all have dangerous effects on the foundation that humans haveShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Overpopulation On The Environment1400 Words   |  6 Pagespopulations are multiplying globally. Overpopulation is a major issue, affecting both the earth and it’s inhabitants. The exponential rise of the human race directly affects the exponential downfall of the environment it rises over. Water is becoming polluted and scarce, land is shrinking, and extensive use of fuel is contaminating the atmosphere. Deforestation and global climate change are causing a downfall in biodiversity around the world. One can argue that overpopulation is the caus e of all these phenomenaRead MoreOverpopulation1587 Words   |  7 Pagessome people believe that it will lead to the downfall of the human race, while others think it is beneficial to continue on this path. The ongoing debate on world overpopulation allows many different people to offer their unique opinions, such as Erle C. Ellis, Joel Kotkin, Robert Walker, and Alon Tal. These writers offer perspectives that support and conflict the different aspects of the overpopulation issue. Both Ellis and Kotkin believe that overpopulation is not an issue, while Walker and Tal stronglyRead MoreThe Lathe of Heaven by Ursula K. LeGuin Essay568 Words   |  3 Pagesobserving the current world, â€Å" ‘There is no overpopulation now. Was there any other solution, besides nuclear war? There is now no perpetual famine in South America, Africa, and Asia. When transport channels are fully restored, there wont be even the pockets of hunger that are still left.’ † It seems as though this dream was a success. However, the only reason there is no overpopulation is because George dreams a plague that kills 6 billion human beings. The idea of making the world more habitableRead MoreAnalysis Of Robert Malthus s Old Impact On The Thinking, And Scientists1250 Words   |  5 Pagesdisease, and even war. He also believed that this population problem would eventually lead to the collapse of human civilization. Vogt even stated that â€Å"the day of judgement is at hand as man’s destructive methods of exploiting our planet, mushroom like the atomic cloud over Hiroshima†. As you can see, William Vogt was very serious about this idea of overpopulation leading to our downfall. His belief that the population would grow much too fast for the world to keep up with it, is the same ideas ofRead MoreThe Space Of Space Exploration1254 Words   |  6 Pagesblindly throwing resources away. Space exploration is an investment as we progress forward and contin ue to develop as a society, it will serve as a stepping stone in human expansion and help human’s learn more about their capabilities and limitations. Overpopulation Overpopulation has been a growing concern over the years as humans continue to evolve medical practices and increase the life expectancy. Space exploration is a simple solution to this growing concern, the discovery of new habitableRead MoreEssay on Factors Leading to The Collapse of Past Societies1693 Words   |  7 PagesAt present day, our worldwide civilization of the human race continues to surpass many achievements of other past societies. Everyday, new technological advances are being achieved and the population is growing faster than it ever previously has. We must look back at past civilizations and analyze them to understand what is in store for us in the future. In the pursuit of progress, human societies create problems they do not have the resources or political motivation to solve, for fear of short termRead MoreProblems Faced By Overpopulation And The Human Race Essay1375 Words   |  6 Pages Overpopulation, it is one of the biggest problems our society faces today, it has the potential to cause devastating effects to the earth and the human race. In 1978 Thomas Robert Malthus published a paper on population growth, it set a foundation for many arguments that are still being discussed to this day. The problems outlined by Malthus are still a major problem, along with an abundance of other overpopulation problems. To most of these problems there is a short-term solution, while good inRead MoreIs Cloning A Real Development?1031 Words   |  5 Pages It is in human nature to constantly learn and improve. Humans are daredevils and natural entrepreneurs in life. Testing limits, discovering things to help create new ideas and give hope to the human population, but some discoveries are out of mankind s hands. Cloning is starting to become a real development but issues such as later development issues, overpopulation and the idea of decreasing natural individuality keep it at a standstill. While Cloning is at a standstill there are things thatRead MoreThe Destruction Of The Environment In Margaret Atwoods Oryx And Crake?1110 Words   |  5 Pagesmastermind behind this creation, firmly believed that the degradation of the environment was the result of the foolish actions of humans. With the concept of eliminating and improving the overall environment, the BlyssPluss was a product created to improve nature manipulated by humans, the human built setting. In addition, the pill was the result of the ignorance of humans and their lack of attention to their responsibilities to maintain the environment. Due to their inability to tend to the environmentRead MoreThe Human Of Endangered Species1309 Words   |  6 Pagessources credited for the existence on Earth. The environment has provided the human race and Earth with the essentials needed and more for survival. Both living and nonliving things play a role in continuing the constant cycle that keeps everything maintained and in order. When something as small as a plant or as large as a bear is taken from the cycle of life, there are major effects that occur and bring negative problems. Humans are most likely the ones to blame for endangering these species. But global

One of the Most Ignored Options for Hostel Life Essay Topics

One of the Most Ignored Options for Hostel Life Essay Topics Vital Pieces of Hostel Life Essay Topics The length of the fellowship is a couple of decades. If you don't, don't hesitate to completely ignore them after the very first moment. It can be difficult to find time to travel, but nevertheless, it can be carried out. Thus, you just made a decision to sleep from time to time. Top Choices of Hostel Life Essay Topics Students get a distinctive chance to be an essential part of the college. They lead busy lives and often forget about an upcoming deadline. They live there with each other and learn the value of discipline and co-operation. They are faced with different situations and meet all types of people while living in the hostel. Day scholars aren't allowed in such institutions. There was a huge campaign and several candidates. Students of precisely the same age generally dwell in such places. Students from several cultural backgrounds come to remain in the hostels. Finally, there's a specific chance for every single girl and boy to acquire under the influence of poor company. Some hitched their very own rides into Ventura. When hiking with a group, it is a fantastic idea to come up with a recognizable call like a woot woot. There's no limit to what our parents do for all of us. What Does Hostel Life Essay Topics Mean? Hostels have certain set of rules that will need to be followed in any way times. Actually, a hostel is a dormitory, so it doesn't provide as exquisite services as hotels usually do, and you need to share your individual space with different men and women. It, while it is a barrier, it also allows them to come together. Most hostels provide some type of system for safely storing va luables and an increasing quantity of hostels offer you private lockers. The barrier at the principal gate isn't only physical, but mental too. Despite the fact that the rocky coastline takes a lot of the limelight, just a little inside there's a silent, misty wonderland. There were not any gates, or fences, around the principal region of the park. The Hostel Life Essay Topics Cover Up Shared experiences may also allow people to understand one another, resulting in acceptance and for that reason belonging. Students develop a feeling of friendship and fellow feeling. Indiscipline or deficiency of discipline among students is something which's affecting the society. Hence, the issue of indiscipline and unrest among students is a component of a far larger problem viz. Life, Death and Hostel Life Essay Topics Hostel life can be quite a pleasant journey. It is the place where people make long lasting friendships and memories to cherish forever. Hostel life is regarded as the ideal aspect of a student's life. Life in college hostel involves a lot of advantages. My journey in education hasn't been easy. You should approach this essay writing process with the appropriate mindset, and therefore don't even attempt to skip step 0. You must be alert to the essay structure, which will organize the chaos in your thoughts. Watch out for future essays on the subject. Hostel Life Essay Topics Can Be Fun for Everyone After discovering our website, you will no longer will need to bother friends and family with these kinds of requests. In the event the payment is delayed, they'll be in trouble. You just need to have faith that it's going to happen. Funny the way the mind works. Your body has to be hidden or it has to be compliant with their standards for you to be treated like an individual. At times, on a roll, you've got five great images. When you own a mind map before you, you will know just what you're attempting to attain. Food, fitness and healthier living made to fulfill your life share this article one of the critical roles that water plays is it helps regulate everything in our without enough water, the body won't be in a position to remain at a this is due to the fact that the water you drink helps the kidneys function properly. Let's be a little careful to not overeat. Adults don't think a little one should grieve. A relaxing start to our final day The following day, our final day began with a little slog.

The Pied Piper of Tucson - 1489 Words

The Pied Piper of Tucson On March 4th, 1966, Life Magazine published an article titled The Pied Piper of Tucson that captured the worlds attention. The article written by Don Moser was based on a true story happened in Tucson, Arizona. Charles Schmid, the main character of the article, was a serial killer in Tucson who killed three teenage girls. Mosers article not only managed to turn a local crime story into an international news, it also inspired Joyce Carol Oates who often based her stories on news to write a story about the murders. About 20 years later, this short story was brought to the silver screen by Joyce Chopra. Smooth Talk is an adaption of Oates short story, however, more details were added into the movie in order†¦show more content†¦She was a misfit when she attended a private school- she cut classes, was suspected of stealing, and got into trouble with juvenile authorities for attempting to steal at a liquor store (Moser 84). However, Connie was not as bad as Gretchen as described by Oates. The only misbehaving things she did in the story was she fought with her mother a lot and went to places with her friends that were meant for adults. Charles Schmid laid his eyes on Gretchen at a public swimming pool. He then followed her home and knocked on the door, and Gretchen answered it by saying, Dont I know you? (Moser 84). They talked for an hour and that was how their relationship started. In the story, Arnold Friend set eyes on Connie at Speedway. He watched her as she walked out from the restaurant, and said to her, Gonna get you, baby (Oates 210). He went to Connies house a few days later when she was home alone while her family was out to a barbecue at an aunts place. They talked as Arnold tried to sweet talk Connie into getting into his car. And when sweet talking did not quite work out, he then threatened that he would harm her family if she did not follow what he said. Inspired by Alleens murder, Arnold Friend had an accomplice, El lie, who stayed in the car the whole time when Arnold was seducing Connie. In the article, Alleens neighbor and friend, Mary French tricked Alleen into going out for a drink so Charles Schmid and John SaundersShow MoreRelatedNotes On The Novel Fences And Pied Piper Of Tucson 1080 Words   |  5 Pagesinformational and literary texts to engage and intrigue readers. First, students read short stories and poetry, including a close reading of Joyce Carol Oates’ short story, â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† and Mara Bovsun’s article, â€Å"Pied Piper of Tucson;† they identify and describe ways authors ‘hook and hold’ readers with specific choices. Next, students read the play Fences by Pulitzer Prize winner August Wilson and analyze the role of stories within in the story to create tension andRead MoreThe Characteristics Of The Arnold Friend1436 Words   |  6 Pageswith the nickname â€Å"the Pied Piper† by Don Moser, a writer for Life Magazine who wrote a piece on the killer in 1966. The nickname suited Charles Schmid well, considering his tactics were similar to the character of an old story about the Pied Piper of Hamelin (Buvson). The story tells of a man who was hired by townspeople to chase away the vermin that had overrun their village, but after doing so, was cheated out of his payment. The man later came back, dressed as a pied piper, and lured all the childrenRead MoreAnalysis Of Where Are You Going, And Don Moser s The Piped Piper Of Tucson ``1365 Words   |  6 Pagesfictional in earlier reality. Throughout the modern times, monsters unanimously appear in â€Å"the real world.† Angela Carter’s â€Å"The Fall River Axe Murders,† Joyce Carol Oa tes’ â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been,† and Don Moser’s â€Å"The Piped Piper of Tucson† all have parts relating to reality. Moser’s and Carter’s stories are completely nonfiction. It looks as if they are in competition with Oates’ story, in a sense of determination of whether fiction appears to be more forthcoming to truth thanRead MoreAnalysis Of Joyce Carol Oatess Short StoryWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been?1256 Words   |  6 PagesBeen?† was written in 1966 and twenty years later was made into a movie entitled Smooth Talk by Joyce Chopra, winner of the 1985 U.S. Film Festival for best dramatic picture. The writing by Oates is loosely based on a true story known as â€Å"The Pied Piper of Tucson.† The most significant differences based on the story and movie are the father-daughter relationship with Connie and Chopra’s changing the mother’s attitude toward her. Even with these cha nges, however, the character of Connie and her creepyRead MoreWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been By Joyce Carol Oates1032 Words   |  5 Pagesup in her usual flirtatious antics to notice how awkward Arnold actually stood. In addition, Connie soon realized that Friend had pancaked makeup upon his whole face. Likewise, Schmid would smother his face in pale makeup. In the article, â€Å"Pied Piper of Tucson: Twisted 1960s Killings by Charles Howard Schmid, Jr.† it says, â€Å"...he bragged non-stop and wore freaky makeup and oversized cowboy boots, which he stuffed with socks, rags, and crushed tin cans to add inches.† This indicates how Schmid portrayedRead MoreAnalysis Of Fences By August Wilson1179 Words   |  5 PagesWriting Task How does the short story â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† use facts, dialogue, and character interactions, to create suspense, tension, and mystery in this unresolved story? Pied Piper of Tucson: Twisted 1960’s Killings by Charles Howard Schmid, Jr. â€Å"Pied Piper of Tucson: Twisted 1960’s Killings by Charles Schmid, Jr.†: In this 2009 New York Daily News profile, Mara Bobson describes the Arizona murders of teen girls committed by Charles Schmid, on whom Oates based theRead More An Analysis of Joyce Carol Oates’ Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been1902 Words   |  8 Pages Zombie, a 1995 novel, is loosely based on the Jeffrey Dahmer serial killings (Seltzer 288). The highly acclaimed short story Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been? draws its inspiration from the case of an Arizona serial killer, the Pied Piper of Tucson (Johnson 99). Oates subject matter reflects the violence in society. Her writing is violent, but it has to be to reflect American culture today. Some detractors argue that there is enough violence in life; literature does not need to celebrateRead MorePsychological Analysis Of Charles Schmid And Arnold Friend2127 Words   |  9 PagesPsychological Analysis of Charles Schmid and Arnold Friend While doing some research on psychological criticism, I found that Arnold Friend in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been by Joyce Carol Oates and notorious murderer Charles Schmid of The Pied Piper of Tucson by Don Moser have characteristics of being a psychopath, motive for killing, similar comparisons of innocence taken by an evil mind, and how Oates wrote her story based upon Schmid’s personality. Psychological criticism as explained in RetellingsRead MoreWhere Are You Going, Where Have You Been? Essay2193 Words   |  9 Pagesan American novelist and short story writer. â€Å"Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?† first appeared in the Fall of 1966 in Epoch Magazine. This particular work of fiction was inspired by the four Tucson, Arizona murders committed by Charles Howard Schmid, Jr., also known as the Pied Piper of Tucson. Charles Schmid stood at about 5’3† yet he wore oversize cowboys boots that he filled up with balled-up socks and rags t o add inches. He wore freaky pancake makeup and died his hair jet black, yet heRead More Delivering Moral Messages in Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been and A Good Man is Hard to Find1516 Words   |  7 PagesConnie’s spirit. In fact, Arnold Friend is based on a serial killer know as â€Å"The Pied Piper of Tucson.† As Oates reports, this â€Å"tabloid psychopath† specialized in â€Å"the seduction and occasional murder of teenage girls† (Wesley). The Pied Piper was in his thirties; yet, he managed to counterfeit teenage dress, talk, and behavior. He also stuffed rags into his leather boots to give him height. These elements of the Pied Piper’s behavior are very obvious in Oates’s portrayal of Arnold Friend (Johnson

Environments and Organizational Commitment †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Environments and Organizational Commitment. Answer: Introduction: Organizational wellness refers to the wellness program of the organization towards the betterment and the wellbeing of the stakeholders as well as of the overall organization. In other words, the organizational wellness entails health promotion activities in the workplace that includes all the key stakeholders in order support the healthy behavior within the workplace and enhance the health outcomes (Dale Burrell, 2014). The wellness program of the organization contains various aspects from the welfare of the employees to the development of the organization. In other hand, the process of the organization wellness also includes various activities such as effective leadership, commotion, employee management and empowerment and so on. The importance and the necessity of the organizational wellness program lies in the overall improvement of the employees and the work process which leads the organization towards future sustainability and the success. In addition, the importance of the we llness activities within the organization is able to reduce and avoid the illness among the employees that lead the company towards the effective outcome from the employees. Some of the benefits of the organizational wellness refers to the improvement of the employee health, enhancement of the work satisfaction, employee retention and low turnover, betterment of the organization culture and strengthening of the employee relationship, diversity management and overall the sustainability of the organization. This reflective essay sheds light on the various aspect of the organization in terms of providing wellbeing of the organization and betterment of the employees within the same. However, I will discuss the topic from my own point of view. From the reading of the topic of the management of the emotion within the workplace, I understood that emotions play an important role in determining the image of the employees as well as the performance of the same in the workplace. I found out that the emotional dissonance is an important part of the management of the emotion within the workplace in order to maintain the professional environment (Burrus et al., 2012). I came to know about the emotional management in the workplace after experiencing situation in my workplace, which led me t the embarrassment among my collogues. From the experience I learned that I must control and manage my emotional expression in the professional circumstances. In fact, I had chosen the topic for writing because I felt that there are many of the employees within most of the organization who are unaware about the emotional management within the workplace, which can lead them to unexpected and unwanted situation. In a professional meeting in my workp lace, I expressed my emotional outburst while making decisions on certain points, and the result of emotional outburst affected my decision making process accordingly, which was definitely unwanted. Later on that day, I realized that the lack of ability to manage my emotional outburst within the workplace is not only hampering my job, but also was projecting negative impact on my workplace. Indeed, I felt embarrassed about my attitude in the meeting that was driven by my emotion. In addition, I also felt the happening as the challenge to myself because it was my emotion and only I could control and manage the same and not doing this can lead me as well as my professional career towards a negative outcome. I felt that the emotional management is definitely an indication towards emotional dissonance which refers to the conflicts between the experienced and native emotion and the expressed emotion for the display to the others. The emotion refers to the strong feeling about something that is deeply connected or related to the person (Ekman, Friesen Ellsworth, (2013). In other word, the feeling can be measured as the psychological expression based on the experience or activities. The management of the emotion I workplace is important for the organizational wellness. For example, the positive expression of the emotion is capable of maintaining healthy organizational culture and the negative emotions of the employees create a negative impact on the organization which can provide declining effect in the same. Emotional negativity of the employees in the workplace can even contaminate any good news, whereas the positive emotional attitude of the employees can encourage and motivate the entire team as well as the organization for the wellbeing. In short, proper emotional management of the employees is the key determinate of the organizational health. The management of the emotions signifies the emotional labor. As per my understanding and experience, the emotional management was inadequate in me that not only made me feel embarrassed but also disrupted the organizational health. To understand the emotion and the management of the emotion I have presented some theories based on the topic. For the understanding of the topic that relates to the workplace, I found out that the job stress lead the employees to the burnout and declining performance. The process is such that job stress dries the emotion and influence the behavior, the behavior further impacts on the performance of the employee which most of the time shows declining effect. The burnout can cause from the mental exhaustion, sense of hopelessness and helplessness and so on. The emotional management requires emotional labor for a person. As suggested by Hochschild the emotional labor indicates publicly observable and acceptable facial and bodily display which hides real and actual feeling of the person (Chu, Baker Murrmann, 2012). The emotional labor requires suppressing the feeling of for the sustainability of the outward countenance that is capable of producing proper state of mind in other people. In this respect, Hochschild categorized the emotional labor based on the performance of the same such as the surface acting indicating the manipulation of outward display of the fake emotion and the deep acting referring to the manipulation of the emotion within the self and feeling the same. However, it is suggested that the emotional labor, emotional dissonance and the emotional exhaustion is interconnected (Newnham, 2017). Another theory on this topic suggested that, emotional intelligence is the key for the social adaptability of the emotional management (Ciarrochi Mayer, 2013). According to the theory the interpersonal and intrapersonal intelligence are the factors that determine the performance outcome. While concluding the topic, I understood and from both my experience and the evaluation and analysis of the topic that the management of the emotion within the workplace is important for the wellbeing of the organization. From the various theories as the measurement and analyzing tool for the emotional management, the process for the same is clarified. According to my opinion, the primary factor for the emotional control is self awareness and self control. However, the reading of the various theories and my own experience regarding the emotional management, I realized that the necessity for managing emotions in my workplace indicates organizational wellness as well as my personal development. In addition, my positive emotional expression and attitude can influence and effect on the organizational culture too. However, as per my understating and experience about the management of the emotion within the workplace and the necessity of it, I opine few recommendations for the effective implementation of the same. It is recommended to both me and the other employees that we should learn from our own experience about the topic. It is also implied that we must consider and use our envy or jealousy to motivate ourselves for the positive emotional expression in the workplace. We also need to remember feelings of the other people in the workplace against our emotional expression. I hope this little implication to the employees as well as myself will be helpful in future to avoid such situation that is emerged from the negative emotional expression. Employee empowerment is another aspect for the organizational wellness that determines the overall development of the organization along with the development of the employees. The employee empowerment defines the providence of the certain degree of responsibility, accountability and the autonomy for the decision making regarding the organizational tasks assigned to them (Fernandez Moldogaziev, 2013). The empowerment of the employees in the organization covers every level of the workplace from the lower to the highest level. I came to realize about the need and importance of the employees empowerment after facing certain issues in my workplace which was found to be emerged from the lack of employee power in the decision making process. While working in the department of the customer service, I found out that most of the employees were unaware of their responsibilities and thus they could not provide full support to the customer issue. I realized, the employees as well as the organiza tion were lacking the implementation of the employee empowerment. I have chosen to write on this topic because I personally feel that the empowerment of the employees is an important aspect of the organizational wellness which discuses and makes the employee aware of their rights. I had very poor feeling about an incident in my workplace that had made me realize the need for the empowerment of the employees I the workplace. The incident proved that lack of minimum power in the employees can not only demotivate their confidence for their job but also can also disrupt the culture of the organization. Initially I felt frustrated about an incident in the workplace that reflected the inability of the employees in decision making process for the organization. Later on I realized that, I must ensure the empowerment of the employees in order to make them aware of their rights as and avoid unwanted situations. I felt poor because I realized the condition of the employees being unaware of their rights and responsibilities. Apart from that, I felt frustrated because it seemed to me that it is the duty and responsibilities of the organization to provide certain power to the employees. However, in this section I will discuss the positive and negative aspect of the employee empowerment determining the organizational development as the whole. The empowerment of the employees definitely proposes positive impact on both the employees and the organization. the positive impacts of the employee empowerment are greater job satisfaction, the motivation and the increased productivity and reduces cost, increased efficiency and owner ship, quality outcome and the awareness of the own right and responsibilities. The empowerment of the employee is also capable of strengthening the relationship between the employer and the employees. In other hand, the employee empowerment also includes some risks for the organization. I found out that the empowerment of the employees makes them arrogant which is capable of the creating conflicts within the organization. However, as per my experience from one of the incident indicating poor condition of the employees, the significance of the empl oyee empowerment proposes that for the organizational wellness the role of the employee empowerment is crucial, but the same need delicate and proper handling by the organization. There are several theories and models that indicate the empowerment of the employees. The empowerment model is divided I the structural empowerment and the psychological empowerment of the employees. The structural empowerment refers to the notions of power that is related to the structure of the organization influencing the employees as the autonomous body of the organization (Yang et al., 2013). In other hand, the psychological empowerment of denotes the cognitive empowerment of the employees indicating the competence, abilities and the perception of the individuals (Chiang Hsieh, 2012). Both the empowerment models determine the success of the organization in terms of achieving the objectives through the overall development of the employees. Another model called Healthy and Resilient Organization (HERO) suggests that the empowered and engaged employees deliver work with more efficacy and competence and admit their responsibilities and accountability for the same (Salanova et al., 2012). From the study of the employee empowerment, I found out that there are some strategies that the organization with the empowered employees follows for the organization wellness. The strategies are assessment and evaluation of employee engagement, designing or redesigning and changing of job and the organization, enhancement of positive and empowering leadership, providence of training in efficacy beliefs, management of career, potentiating individual employees. It can be concluded from the understanding of the employee empowerment that the same is needed for the overall; development of the organization. I understood and realized from my own experience in the workplace that every organization must focus on the development of the employees by empowering them in order avoid any disruption and conflicts in the workplace. However, it is true that the employee empowerment can lead the employees to be arrogant leading to the increase of risks in the organization, but keeping the negativity behind, we must try to see the positive aspect of the empowerment of the employees. From the study of the discussed models in the above section, the necessity of the topic and the implementation of the same are clear. Therefore, the empowerment of the employees can be recognized as one of the components of the organizational wellness. In this section I am presenting am recommendation based on the employee empowerment for the better implementation of the same within the organization. The dimension of the empowerment must be considered while executing the process of empowering the employees within the organization. The dimensions are self-determination, meaning, competence and the impact as these are determine the successful empowerment of the employees as well as the wellbeing of the organization. Other implication for the employee empowerment refers to the effective communication, contextual providence, supporting and appreciating the effort of the employees, effective leadership and the definition of the individual roles. I hope this recommendation will be helpful in executing the empowerment process for the employees as well as my professional career on the long term basis in the future. In the complete understanding of the organization wellness, the third and my last topic chosen is the culture, communication and making of the healthier workplace. The topic refers to the maintenance of the organizational culture, effective communication within the workplace and the process of making the workplace healthier. Definitely the need of the healthier organization indicates the organization wellness, which I came to realize from my professional experience. The organizational culture refers to the system of integrated and shared values, assumptions and beliefs governed by the people of the organization (Alvesson, 2012). In other hand, the organizational culture to some extent based on the communication which is again a mark of the better and healthier workplace. As per my experience in my workplace, I observed that the lack of the communication within the organization and accordingly lack of the organizational culture indicates the poor health of the organization. I chose to write about this topic because I personally feel that this is one of the major and primary aspects of the organizational wellness that is capable of recognizing the internal environment of the organization. The feeling of mine about the poor organizational culture was disgusting, but later on I felt challenging because of the difficulties in the process of enriching the organizational culture. As because the effective communication and the organizational culture led the organization towards the healthy workplace, I felt the need for the development in the communication as well as in the environment of the organization. I found out that communication is basis of both the organizational culture and the healthier workplace. In other words, I felt that the reverse idea was also true in terms of the making the communication effective by the enrichment of the organizational culture and health. In addition, I felt challenging because I realized that it is difficult as well as time consuming for any organization to enrich the health and the culture of the organization. Every aspect of the organizational wellness is based on both the positive and negative impact. For the organizational culture, I personally feel that the organizational culture provides the employees a sense of identity, maintains professional behaviors among the employees and overall provides healthier workplace. The negative impact of the organizational culture is capable of disrupting the reputation of the organization within the employees and the creating conflicts within the workplace. In other hand, the communication determining the culture of the organization impact on the same in the short term basis and on the health of the organization in a long term basis. I am able to relate that the ineffectiveness of the communication within my workplace which was leading my organization towards the unhealthy organizational culture. Therefore, the significance of the healthier workplace lies in the very initial stage of basic communication and resulting into the enrichment of the workin g and overall culture of the organization. Based on the academic study on the topic of the healthier workplace within the organization, I personally consider model of the working well. This particular model based on the message from the employers and the feedback of the employees in a circular motion. Another model by the NIOSH (2012) also refers to the total worker health framework indicating the employment relationship, workplace and the workers. As I have repeatedly emphasized on the organizational culture as the key determinates of the healthier workplace. The organizational culture climate model is referred by Ostroff et al. (2003) that depict the overall development of the environment of the firm and the health of the same. The model also suggests the development of both the physical and the mental health, which is again an indication of the maintenance of health and safety standard in the organizational culture. The next aspect of the organizational health being the communication, the academic reference provides variou s ways of communication within the workplace. The sense giving way of communication implies to the employer for the providence of the proper and effective message to the employees that will help the firm to ensure the health of the same. The way of sense making way of communication refers valuing of the opinion and vision of other employees and acquiring new ways in the organization for the enrichment and enhancement of the organizational culture. This process of the sense giving and sense making will be helpful for the organization in determining the strong relationship among the employees along with ensuring the health of the firm (Colville, Brown Pye, 2012). The integrative model based on the three different phases ensures the health of the organization (Wahl, Iwarsson Oswald, 2012). The phases are the gradual way for ensuring the health of the firm that includes assessment, change, leadership communication and implementation. Based o my personal opinion, I feel that this model s will be helpful in determining the healthier organization. I personally feel that the conclusion for the understanding of the topic of healthier organization, the role of the organizational culture and effective communication is important. Based on my experience and the models on the particular topic, I feel that healthier organization definitely refers to the organizational wellness. It is evident from the discussion that the importance and necessity of the organizational health as well as the culture is dependent on the effective communication within the workplace as well as within the every level of the organization. In addition, it is also important for the organization to implement the models and strategies based on the development of the organizational health for the enhancement of the sane. However, the recommendation on the making of the healthier organization is entirely based on my personal opinion and experience. I recommend that the leaders of the organization must listen to the opinions of the employees about any issue irrespective of the importance of the same, and therefore the employees will be motivated to share their problem with the leaders. Thus the culture and the environment of the firm will be communicative and rich. From the other recommendation, I opine that the employees also must be communicative and comfortable in sharing their problems and issues with their leaders as well as other employees. I strongly feel that this will broaden the way for the resolving of any issue in a short span of time and overall will improve the organizational health. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded from the above discourse that the organizational wellness is based on the activities of the key stakeholders within the organizations workplace. The above discussion makes it clear that the every smaller activity is responsible for ensuring the wellbeing of the organization in the broader sense. The three topics I have covered in the essay presents the importance of the various and completely different aspect in ensuring the betterment of the firm. The emotional management of the employees is equally important as the empowerment of the employees. In other hand, the communication, culture and the healthier workplace is also necessary for the development of the organization. I have presented my own experience in the essay, from which I have realized the importance of the covered topic in determining the wellbeing of the organization. However, I admit that there are many other topics in the context of the organizational wellness which I have not covered in the easy. Therefore, the wellness of the organization is not limited in this essay. However, the three covered topics I felt to be most important and major in ensuring the organizational wellness. Reference: Alvesson, M. (2012).Understanding organizational culture. Sage. Burrus, J., Betancourt, A., Holtzman, S., Minsky, J., MacCann, C., Roberts, R. D. (2012). Emotional intelligence relates to well?being: Evidence from the Situational Judgment Test of Emotional Management.Applied Psychology: Health and Well?Being,4(2), 151-166. Chiang, C. F., Hsieh, T. S. (2012). The impacts of perceived organizational support and psychological empowerment on job performance: The mediating effects of organizational citizenship behavior.International journal of hospitality management,31(1), 180-190. Chu, K. H., Baker, M. A., Murrmann, S. K. (2012). When we are onstage, we smile: The effects of emotional labor on employee work outcomes.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(3), 906-915. Ciarrochi, J., Mayer, J. D. (2013).Applying emotional intelligence: A practitioner's guide. Psychology Press. Colville, I., Brown, A. D., Pye, A. (2012). Simplexity: Sensemaking, organizing and storytelling for our time.Human Relations,65(1), 5-15. Dale, K., Burrell, G. (2014). Being occupied: An embodied re-reading of organizational wellness.Organization,21(2), 159-177. Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., Ellsworth, P. (2013).Emotion in the human face: Guidelines for research and an integration of findings. Elsevier. Fernandez, S., Moldogaziev, T. (2013). Employee empowerment, employee attitudes, and performance: Testing a causal model.Public Administration Review,73(3), 490-506. Goetzel, R. Z. (2012). NIOSH 2012. Research Compendium: The NIOSH Total Worker Health Program: Seminal research papers 2012. Washington, DC: Department of Health and Human Services.Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH),10214. Newnham, M. P. (2017). A comparison of the enactment and consequences of emotional labor between frontline hotel workers in two contrasting societal cultures.Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality Tourism,16(2), 192-214. Ostroff, C., Kinicki, A. J., Tamkins, M. M. (2003).Organizational culture and climate. John Wiley Sons, Inc.. Salanova, M., Llorens, S., Cifre, E., Martnez, I. M. (2012). We need a hero! Toward a validation of the healthy and resilient organization (HERO) model.Group Organization Management,37(6), 785-822. Wahl, H. W., Iwarsson, S., Oswald, F. (2012). Aging well and the environment: Toward an integrative model and research agenda for the future.The Gerontologist,52(3), 306-316. Yang, J., Liu, Y., Huang, C., Zhu, L. (2013). Impact of empowerment on professional practice environments and organizational commitment among nurses: A structural equation approach.International journal of nursing practice,19(S1), 44-55.

Woodwro Willson Essays - Woodrow Wilson, , Term Papers

Woodwro Willson Wilson, Woodrow Woodrow Wilson, 28th president of the United States (1913-21), secured a legislative program of progressive domestic reform, guided his country during WORLD WAR I, and sought a peace settlement based on high moral principles, to be guaranteed by the LEAGUE OF NATIONS. Early Life and Career Thomas Woodrow Wilson was born in Staunton, Va., on Dec. 28, 1856. He was profoundly influenced by a devoutly religious household headed by his father, Joseph Ruggles Wilson, a Presbyterian minister, and his mother, Janet Woodrow Wilson, the daughter of a minister. Woodrow (he dropped the Thomas in 1879) attended (1873-74) Davidson College and in 1875 entered the College of New Jersey (later Princeton University), graduating in 1879. Wilson studied (1879-80) at the University of Virginia Law School, briefly practiced law in Atlanta, and in 1883 entered The Johns Hopkins University for graduate study in political science. His widely acclaimed book, Congressional Government (1885), was published a year before he received the doctoral degree. In 1885 he married Ellen Louise Axson; they had three daughters. Wilson taught at Bryn Mawr College (1885-88) and Wesleyan University in Connecticut (1888-90) before he was called (1890) to Princeton as professor of jurisprudence and political economy. A popular lecturer, Wilson also wrote a score of articles and nine books, including Division and Reunion (1893) and his five-volume History of the American People (1902). In 1902 he was the unanimous choice of the trustees to become Princeton's president. His reforms included reorganization of the departmental structure, revision of the curriculum, raising of academic standards, tightening of student discipline, and the still-famous preceptorial system of instruction. But Wilson's quad plan--an attempt to create colleges or quadrangles where students and faculty members would live and study together--was defeated. Opposed by wealthy alumni and trustees, he also lost his battle for control of the proposed graduate college. The Princeton controversies, seen nationally as a battle between democracy and vested wealth, propelled Wilson into the political arena. George Harvey, editor of Harper's Weekly, with help from New Jersey's Democratic party bosses, persuaded Wilson to run for governor in 1910. After scoring an easy victory, he cast off his machine sponsors and launched a remarkable program of progressive legislation, including a direct-primary law, antitrust laws, a corrupt-practices act, a workmen's compensation act, and measures establishing a public utility commission and permitting cities to adopt the commission form of government. Success in New Jersey made him a contender for the Democratic presidential nomination. Although Wilson entered the 1912 Democratic National Convention a poor second to Speaker of the House Champ Clark, his strength increased as Clark's faded, and he won the nomination after 46 ballots. Offering a program of reform that he called the New Freedom, Wilson ran against a divided Republican party. In November, with only 42 percent of the popular vote, he won 435 electoral votes to 88 for Progressive candidate Theodore Roosevelt and 8 for the Republican candidate, President William Howard Taft. Progressive as President By presenting his program personally before the Democratically controlled Congress, employing personal persuasion as well as patronage, and appealing to the American public with his stirring rhetoric, Wilson won passage of an impressive array of progressive measures. The Underwood Tariff Act (1913), the first reduction in duties since the Civil War, also established a modest income tax. The Federal Reserve Act (1913) provided for currency and banking reform. Antitrust legislation followed in 1914, when Congress passed the Federal Trade Commission Act and the CLAYTON ANTI-TRUST ACT. In 1915, Wilson supported the La Follette Seamen's bill, designed to improve the working conditions of sailors. The following year he signed the Federal Farm Loan Act, providing low-interest credit to farmers; the Adamson Act, granting an 8-hour day to interstate railroad workers; and the Child Labor Act, which limited children's working hours. In foreign policy, Wilson was faced with greater problems than any president since Abraham Lincoln. He attempted to end U.S. dollar diplomacy and promote the mediation of disputes. He rejected a loan to China on the grounds that it impaired Chinese sovereignty, and he helped thwart Japanese designs on the Chinese mainland. He approved Secretary of State William Jennings BRYAN's efforts to minimize the danger of war through a series of conciliation treaties and joined him in an unsuccessful attempt to negotiate a Pan-American pact guaranteeing the integrity of the Western Hemisphere. In attempting to deal with revolutionary Mexico, Wilson first sought to promote self-government by refusing to recognize the military usurper Victoriano HUERTA and forcing him to allow free elections. When Huerta resisted, Wilson tried to force him out by ordering (April 1914) limited American intervention at Veracruz and by supporting constitutionalist Venustiano CARRANZA. Mediation by Argentina, Brazil, and Chile helped to prevent a general conflict and led to Huerta's resignation in July 1914. A year later, Wilson recognized Carranza's provisional government, and in 1916 he intervened again after Carranza's rival, guerrilla leader Pancho VILLA, had raided a town in New Mexico, killing several Americans. In 1915 and 1916 he reluctantly sent troops to Haiti and Santo Domingo to establish U.S. protectorates. After the outbreak of